Hello,
When I recently tried to set up shared configuration for Windows 2008 R2 and IIS7 I couldn't export the configuration. When trying to use the Export Configuration feature I just got the "Exception has been thrown by the target of an invocation" error message. The export directory was local and permissions was OK. After troubleshooting for a while it turned out that it was the Group Policy option "System cryptography: use FIPS compliant algorithms for encryption, hashing, and signing" that was the culprit. The option was set to Enabled, and changing this to Disabled helped to solve my problem.
The reason I write this post is partly so that others can find a possible solution to this problem, and partly because I hope that someone could tell me why this happens, and what is the possible risks of disabling this setting?